In 1815, European governments were driven by a spirit of conservatism. Conservatives believed in monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and that the family should be preserved. A modern army, an efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy, the abolition of feudalism and serfdom could strengthen the autocratic monarchies of Europe. In 1815, representatives of the European powers – Britain, Russia Prussia and Austria met in Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Bourbon dynasty was restored to power and France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon. The major issues taken up by the liberal-nationalists, who criticised the new conservative order, was freedom of the press.

In 1815, European governments were driven by a spirit of conservatism. Conservatives believed in monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property and that the family should be preserved. A modern army, an efficient bureaucracy, a dynamic economy, the abolition of feudalism and serfdom could strengthen the autocratic monarchies of Europe. In 1815, representatives of the European powers – Britain, Russia Prussia and Austria met in Vienna to draw up a settlement for Europe. The Bourbon dynasty was restored to power and France lost the territories it had annexed under Napoleon. The major issues taken up by the liberal-nationalists, who criticised the new conservative order, was freedom of the press.